ART NOUVEAU ...movimientos...

JUGENDSTIL - Austria & Germany - 1896-1914 --- In 1896, in Munich (Germany) a cultural magazine "Die Jugend" (meaning Youth) created by Georg Hirth was actively promoting a "new style" (Stil in German) in art and many local artists were participating in this effort to fight against the tradition.The sucess of the initiative was such that this new way of life was called "JUGENDSTIL" or "Style of the Youth". ORIVIT - Germany - 1894-1905 --- The ORIVIT AG. was founded in 1894 as "Rheinische Broncegieserei fur Kleinplastiken" in Koln-Ehrenfeld (Germany) by Wilhelm Ferdinand Hubert Schmitz (1863-1939).From 1896, they began the production of luxury items with the so called ORIVIT metal: 89,85% pewter; 7,9 % antimony; 1,9 % copper and 0,12 % silver. This ORIVIT metal was a richer and brighter pewter, that if well polished would look like silver with the advantage of a lesser cost of production and also a reduced oxidation of the metal compared to silver or silverplated items.

SECESSION - Austria - 1897-1939 --- In 1897 a group of Artists, such as Otto Wagner and his gifted students, Josef Hoffmann and Josef Olbrich, with Gustav Klimt, Koloman Moser and others aspired to the renaissance of the arts and crafts and to bring more abstract and purer forms to the designs of buildings and furniture, glass and metalwork, following the concept of total work of art and to do so they tried to bring together Symbolists, Naturalists, Modernists, and Stylists. They gave birth to another form of modernism in the visual arts and they named their own new movement: Secession (Wiener Secession). As the name indicates, this movement represented a protest, of the younger generation against the traditional art of their forebears, a "separation" from the past towards the future. The first chairman was Gustav Klimt.

WIENER WERKSTäTTE - Austria - 1903-1932--- On 19th May, 1903 the Wiener Werkstätte (German for The "Vienna Workshop") was registered in Vienna as "Productivgenossenschaft von Kunsthandwerkern". The Wiener Werkstätte aimed at pursuing elegance, a reduced vocabulary of form, functionality and appropriateness, which stood in contrast to the pronounced imitation of styles of Historicism. The result were: simplified shapes, geometric patterns, and minimal decoration characterising the Wiener Werkstätte products.

ARTS & CRAFTS - United Kingdom - 1850-1915 ---Founder of the Arts and Crafts Movement in England, William Morris worked for the renaissance of decorative arts. He studied medieval architecture at Oxford, but under the influence of Edward Burne-Jones and Dante Gabriele Rossetti, leaders of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, he turned toward painting and writing.In 1861, they founded together a guild of fine arts craftsmen and began to produce furniture, tapestry, stained glass, tiles, fabrics and the most famous wallpaper designs.